Assessing the value of the information provision for enhancing the autonomy of mobility impaired users. Madrid pilot Site Study.

A City is the space where every person acquires the citizen condition, which demands access to multiple services and facilities, and develops social relations in a free and equal condition of options. A lack of accessibility limits independency and autonomy. Thus, the relationship between “sustainable development” and “accessibility for all” becomes clearer, and both goals reinforce each other. In this sense, information plays a key role in order to overcome existing barriers, specially for people who rarely use public transport, have impaired mobility, or make a particular journey for the first time. The impact and benefits is linked with public transport as a “facilitator” of mobility, and, in particular, for the aim of intermodality. The usefulness of information that should be provided (both the information itself and how is offered) to mobility impaired users (MI users) is discussed on this paper based on following of the ASK-IT project that has being carry out on Madrid. The work was done in close cooperation with representatives of all different types of MI user groups

The Sustainable Enterprise: Learning from DJSI Leaders

In recent years, sustainability , sustainable development , corporate responsibility and sustainable enterprise have become part of the common parlance of business and academia. However, there remains some confusion and divergence of opinion about the exact meaning of these terms.This study aims to shed light on the sustainable enterprise concept, addressing questions such as what a sustainable enterprise is, what its main characteristics are, and how it differs from the traditional enterprise model. It explores these issues with reference to the eighteen market sector leaders of the Dow Jones Sustainability World Indexes (DJSI).As part of its analysis, The Sustainable Enterprise describes the underlying values a firm must embed in order to advance towards sustainability. The core value of the sustainable enterprise is an awareness of the system it is part of and a sense of belonging to it. Instead of being a net predator of the physical and social environment, the sustainable enterprise obtains resources from the system with the purpose of contributing to the net creation of wealth. Applying this yardstick to the leading companies on the DJSI, this study explores how they are embedding sustainability in their governance, strategy formulation and other management systems. And how their openness to the social and physical environment has helped them develop an honest, fluid dialogue with stakeholder groups.The results and best practices described in this book will assist companies aware of the importance of sustainability and keen to incorporate sustainable development as a core value driver, while its contribution to the conceptualization of the sustainable enterprise should usefully inform future research in the field. Provider_Name: Fundacion BBVA / BBVA Foundation

La empresa sostenible. Aprendiendo de los líderes del Índice Dow Jones de Sostenibilidad (IDJS)

En los últimos años, las expresiones sostenibilidad, desarrollo sostenible, responsabilidad corporativa y empresa sostenible se han incorporado al vocabulario habitual de directivos, empresarios y académicos. Sin embargo, todavía subsisten cierta confusión y diferentes opiniones sobre el significado e implicaciones de dichos conceptos. El objetivo básico de este libro ha sido arrojar luz sobre la noción de empresa sostenible, abordando cuestiones como qué es una empresa sostenible, cuáles son sus principales características o en qué difiere del modelo de empresa tradicional. Para realizar este estudio se ha elegido a los dieciocho líderes sectoriales del Índice Dow Jones de Sostenibilidad (IDJS). Uno de los conceptos básicos en que se basa La empresa sostenible se refiere a los valores que una empresa ha de interiorizar para avanzar hacia la sostenibilidad. El valor central de la empresa sostenible es su conciencia del sistema del que forma parte y su sentido de pertenencia al mismo. En lugar de ser una depredadora neta del sistema físico-social, la empresa sostenible obtiene recursos del sistema con el propósito de contribuir a la creación neta de riqueza. De acuerdo con esta concepción, y a través del análisis de las dieciocho empresas líderes del IDJS, se explora cómo estas empresas están integrando la sostenibilidad en su gobierno, en la formulación de su estrategia y en sus sistemas de gestión. Asimismo, se analiza de qué manera su apertura hacia el entorno físico y social ha contribuido al desarrollo de un diálogo honesto, fluido y abierto con grupos de partes interesadas. Los resultados, conclusiones y buenas prácticas descritos en este libro resultarán útiles a aquellas compañías que, conscientes de la importancia de la sostenibilidad, están intentando interiorizar el desarrollo sostenible como un motor fundamental de sus procesos de creación de valor. Asimismo, la conceptualización de la empresa sostenible podrá servir de base para futuros proyectos de investigación. Provider_Name: Fundacion BBVA / BBVA Foundation

Liver Retransplantation in Patients with HIV-1 Infection: An International Multicenter Cohort Study

Liver retransplantation is performed in HIV-infected patients, although its outcome is not well known. In an international cohort study (eight countries), 37 (6%; 32 coinfected with hepatitis C virus [HCV] and five with hepatitis B virus [HBV]) of 600 HIV-infected patients who had undergone liver transplant were retransplanted. The main indications for retransplantation were vascular complications (35%), primary graft nonfunction (22%), rejection (19%), and HCV recurrence (13%). Overall, 19 patients (51%) died after retransplantation. Survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 56%, 51%, and 51%, respectively. Among patients with HCV coinfection, HCV RNA replication status at retransplantation was the only significant prognostic factor. Patients with undetectable versus detectable HCV RNA had a survival probability of 80% versus 39% at 1 year and 80% versus 30% at 3 and 5 years (p = 0.025). Recurrence of hepatitis C was the main cause of death in the latter. Patients with HBV coinfection had survival of 80% at 1, 3, and 5 years after retransplantation. HIV infection was adequately controlled with antiretroviral therapy. In conclusion, liver retransplantation is an acceptable option for HIV-infected patients with HBV or HCV coinfection but undetectable HCV RNA. Retransplantation in patients with HCV replication should be reassessed prospectively in the era of new direct antiviral agents